Baikonur Space Harbour is located near the middle of Kazakhstan, where, in accordance with an agreement between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan, the cosmodrome is leased to Russia until 2050.
The administrative center of the cosmodrome is in Baikonur City. It is a unique scientific, cultural and social complex. Over the 50 years of its existence, Baikonur became the world’s first and largest operational space launch facility. It consists of a nine launch-site complex with 15 missile launching devices, 11 operations and checkout buildings for assembling and testing space vehicles, space boosters and upper-stage rockets, three re-fueling stations, and two airfields.
From Baikonur were launched the first artificial satellite of the Earth and the world’s first artificial satellite of the Sun, Moon and Venus. More importantly, from Baikonur was launched the world’s first manned space flight on April 12, 1961.